第十七夜：编写一个Windows的服务

在Windows中创建服务一般需要先编写服务程序的代码，然后使用SCM注册这个服务。
手动注册一个Windows服务的方法是：

# 注册服务
sc create TestService binpath= D:\\Programs\\TestService\\main.exe
# 删除服务
sc delete TestService
# 开启服务
net start TestService
# 停止服务
net stop TestService

这里实现了一个最基本的Windows服务程序，服务启动之后监听本地TCP 8888端口，接收和发送数据。

service.cpp

/*service.cpp*/


#include <stdio.h>
#include <Windows.h>

#include "service.h"
 


#define SLEEP_TIME 5000



SERVICE_STATUS ServiceStatus; 
SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE hStatus; 

void ServiceMain(int argc, char** argv); 
void ControlHandler(DWORD request); 
int InitService();
int WriteToLog(char* str);
 
int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
    SERVICE_TABLE_ENTRY ServiceTable[2];
    ServiceTable[0].lpServiceName = "ServiceExample1";
    ServiceTable[0].lpServiceProc = (LPSERVICE_MAIN_FUNCTION)ServiceMain;
 
    ServiceTable[1].lpServiceName = NULL;
    ServiceTable[1].lpServiceProc = NULL;
 
    StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(ServiceTable); 
    return 0;
}


void ServiceMain(int argc, char** argv){ 
    int error; 
 
    ServiceStatus.dwServiceType = SERVICE_WIN32; 
    ServiceStatus.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_START_PENDING; 
    ServiceStatus.dwControlsAccepted = SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP | SERVICE_ACCEPT_SHUTDOWN;
    ServiceStatus.dwWin32ExitCode = 0; 
    ServiceStatus.dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0; 
    ServiceStatus.dwCheckPoint = 0; 
    ServiceStatus.dwWaitHint = 0; 
 
    hStatus = RegisterServiceCtrlHandler("ServiceExample1", (LPHANDLER_FUNCTION)ControlHandler); 
    if (hStatus == (SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE)0){
        // Registering Control Handler failed
        return; 
    } 
    // Initialize Service 
    error = InitService(); 
    if (!error){
        // Initialization failed
        ServiceStatus.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_STOPPED; 
        ServiceStatus.dwWin32ExitCode = -1; 
        SetServiceStatus(hStatus, &ServiceStatus); 
        return; 
    } 
    // We report the running status to SCM. 
    ServiceStatus.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_RUNNING; 
    SetServiceStatus (hStatus, &ServiceStatus);
 
    int server = start_server(8888);
    /*
    MEMORYSTATUS memory;
    // The worker loop of a service
    while (ServiceStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_RUNNING){
        char buffer[16];
        GlobalMemoryStatus(&memory);
        sprintf(buffer, "%d", memory.dwAvailPhys);
        int result = WriteToLog(buffer);
        if (result){
            ServiceStatus.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_STOPPED; 
            ServiceStatus.dwWin32ExitCode = -1; 
            SetServiceStatus(hStatus, &ServiceStatus);
            return;
        }
        Sleep(SLEEP_TIME);
    }
    */


    return; 
}


void ControlHandler(DWORD request){ 
    switch(request) { 
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP: 
        WriteToLog("服务已停止");
        ServiceStatus.dwWin32ExitCode = 0; 
        ServiceStatus.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_STOPPED; 
        SetServiceStatus (hStatus, &ServiceStatus);
        return; 
 
 
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_SHUTDOWN: 
        WriteToLog("服务已关闭");
        ServiceStatus.dwWin32ExitCode = 0; 
        ServiceStatus.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_STOPPED; 
        SetServiceStatus (hStatus, &ServiceStatus);
        return; 
 
    default:
        break;
    } 
 
    // Report current status
    SetServiceStatus (hStatus, &ServiceStatus);
    return; 
}





int InitService(){
    WriteToLog("服务已启动");
    return true;
}

server.cpp

/*server.cpp*/
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include "service.h"

#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
 

int start_server(int bind_port){
    //初始化WSA
    WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
    WSADATA wsaData;
    if (WSAStartup(sockVersion, &wsaData) != 0){
        return 0;
    }
 
    //创建套接字
    SOCKET slisten = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
    if (slisten == INVALID_SOCKET){
        WriteToLog("Socket创建失败！");
        return 0;
    }
 
    //绑定IP和端口
    struct sockaddr_in sin;
    sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sin.sin_port = htons(bind_port);
    sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;
    if (bind(slisten, (LPSOCKADDR)&sin, sizeof(sin)) == SOCKET_ERROR){
        WriteToLog("Socket绑定失败！");
    }
 
    //开始监听
    if (listen(slisten, 5) == SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        WriteToLog("Socket监听失败！");
        return 0;
    }
 
    //循环接收数据
    SOCKET sClient;
    struct sockaddr_in remoteAddr;
    int nAddrlen = sizeof(remoteAddr);
    //char revData[255];
    WriteToLog("Socket监听成功，等待连接...");
    sClient = accept(slisten, (SOCKADDR *)&remoteAddr, &nAddrlen);
    while (1){
        char revData[255];

        char * client_address = inet_ntoa(remoteAddr.sin_addr);
        
        //printf("等待连接...\n");
        //sClient = accept(slisten, (SOCKADDR *)&remoteAddr, &nAddrlen);
        if (sClient == INVALID_SOCKET){
            WriteToLog("数据接收错误！");
            continue;
        }
        WriteToLog( client_address );
 
        //接收数据
        int ret = recv(sClient, revData, 255, 0);
        //printf(ret);
        if (ret > 0){
            //revData[ret] = 0x00;
            WriteToLog(revData);
        }

        //发送数据
        char * sendData = revData;
        send(sClient, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0);

    }
        closesocket(sClient);
    closesocket(slisten);
    WSACleanup();
    return 0;
}

utils.cpp

/*utils.cpp*/

#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>


#define LOGFILE "C://service_example_1_log.txt"


int WriteToLog(char* str){
    FILE* log;
    log = fopen(LOGFILE, "a+");
    if (log == NULL)
        return -1;

    time_t rawtime;
    struct tm * timeinfo;
    char time_buffer [128];

    time (&rawtime);
    //printf("%ld\n", rawtime);

    timeinfo = localtime (&rawtime);
    strftime (time_buffer,sizeof(time_buffer),"%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S",timeinfo);
    //printf("%s\n", buffer);

    fprintf(log, "%s\t%s\n", time_buffer, str);
    fclose(log);
    return 0;
}

service.h

/*service.h*/


extern int WriteToLog(char* str);
extern int start_server(int bind_port);

参考资料

开发 Windows 服务应用
C语言开发Windows服务
C++编写Windows服务
C++编写Windows服务
Windows 服务程序(一)
Windows 服务程序(二)
windows环境下C语言socket编程