Ruby笔记

1.数组遍历方法总结

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array = (1..10).to_a 
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length = array.length 
length.times do t
print "#{array[t]} "
end
puts "n"
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length = array.length-1 
for i in 0..length do
print "#{array[i]} "
end
puts "n"
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for i in array do 
print "#{i} "
end
puts "n"
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array.each{x print x," "} 
puts "n"
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length = array.length 
i = 0
while i< length do
print "#{array[i]} "
i = i+1
end
puts "n"
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length = array.length 
i = 0
until i==length do
print "#{array[i]} "
i += 1
end
puts "n"
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array.each_index do i 
print "#{array[i]} "

2.Ruby连接数据库

  • mysql
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    require 'mysql'  
    begin
    db = Mysql.init
    db.options(Mysql::SET_CHARSET_NAME, 'utf8')
    db = Mysql.real_connect("127.0.0.1", "root", "123456", "test", 3306)
    db.query("SET NAMES utf8")
    db.query("drop table if exists tb_test")
    db.query("create table tb_test (id int,
    text LONGTEXT) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8")
    db.query("insert into tb_test (id, text) values (
    1,'first line'),(2,'second line')")
    printf "%d rows were inserted\n",db.affected_rows
    rslt = db.query("select text from tb_test")
    while row = rslt.fetch_row do
    puts row[0]
    end
    rescue Mysql::Error => e
    puts "Error code: #{e.errno}"
    puts "Error message: #{e.error}"
    puts "Error SQLSTATE: #{e.sqlstate}" if e.respond_to?("sqlstate")
    ensure
    db.close if db
    end
  • redis
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    #!/bin/ruby

    require 'redis'

    def writeToFile(file,content)
    fp = File.new(file,"a+")
    if fp
    fp.syswrite(content)
    else
    puts "..."
    end
    end

    def connect(host)
    redis = Redis.new(:host => host,:port => 6379)
    redis.info.keys.each do |key|
    puts "#{key}:\t"+redis.info["#{key}"]
    end
    end

    connect("1.1.1.1")
  • sqlite3
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    require 'sqlite3'

    db = SQLite3::Database.new('test.db')

    db.execute("create table test(
    ID integet not null,
    Username varchar(20) null,
    Password varchar(64) null)")
    db.execute("insert into test(ID.Username,Password)
    values('0','admin','admin')")
    db.execute("select * from test")
    db.execute("update test set password='12345' where id=0")

3.Ruby socket

  • 服务端:

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    require 'socket'

    server = TCPServer.open('0.0.0.0', 8080)
    loop do
    Thread.start(server.accept) do |client|
    begin
    while true
    puts "#{client.to_i} online"
    data = client.read()
    throw "empty" if data.empty?
    #puts data.length
    puts data
    end
    rescue Exception => e
    puts "#{client.to_i} offline"
    end
    end
    end
  • 客户端:

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    require 'socket'

    hostname = '127.0.0.1'
    port = 8080
    buf = 'test'
    s = TCPSocket.open(hostname, port)
    s.write buf
    sleep(1)
    s.close

4.ruby gem 文档服务

rubygems.org上的gem文档访问起来太慢了,其实gem本身就自带doc的功能
安装gem的时候会默认安装相应gem的doc,如果不想占用空间安装doc,则gem install XXX –no-doc 即可。
使用下列命令可以启动gem自带的文档:

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gem server --port 1234

然后访问http://localhost:1234就可以查看相关的gem文档。

5.ruby改变控制台输出内容的颜色

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puts "\033[1m前景色\033[0m\n"  
puts " \033[30mBlack (30)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[31mRed (31)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[32mGreen (32)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[33mYellow (33)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[34mBlue (34)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[35mMagenta (35)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[36mCyan (36)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[37mWhite (37)\033[0m\n"
puts ''
puts "\033[1m背景色\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[40m\033[37mBlack (40), White Text\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[41mRed (41)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[42mGreen (42)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[43mYellow (43)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[44mBlue (44)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[45mMagenta (45)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[46mCyan (46)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[47mWhite (47)\033[0m\n"
puts ''
puts "\033[1m其他\033[0m\n"
puts " Reset (0)"
puts " \033[1mBold (1)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[4mUnderlined (4)\033[0m\n"

colors

6.一些比较特别的包

Ruby json gem
https://rubygems.global.ssl.fastly.net/gems/json-1.8.3.gem
树莓派wiringpi gpio包
http://pi.gadgetoid.com/article/wiringpi-as-a-ruby-gem

7.安装rvm的正确姿势

参考自:http://rvm.io/rvm/install
首先添加gpg公钥:

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gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3

安装稳定版本的rvm

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curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby

8.解决kali2.0中RVM不能编译ruby-2.3.3

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    ruby-2.3.3 - #compiling.......................................................................-
    Error running '__rvm_make -j4',
    showing last 15 lines of /usr/local/rvm/log/1488041042_ruby-2.3.3/make.log
    exts.mk:210: recipe for target 'ext/openssl/all' failed
    make[1]: *** [ext/openssl/all] Error 2
    make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
    installing default nkf libraries
    compiling objspace_dump.c
    linking shared-object json/ext/generator.so
    make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.3.3/ext/json/generator'
    linking shared-object objspace.so
    make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.3.3/ext/objspace'
    linking shared-object nkf.so
    make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.3.3/ext/nkf'
    make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.3.3'
    uncommon.mk:203: recipe for target 'build-ext' failed
    make: *** [build-ext] Error 2
    ++ return 2
    There has been an error while running make. Halting the installation.

查看/usr/local/rvm/log/1488041042_ruby-2.3.3/make.log发现是openssl版本过老导致的。

  • 解决:
    第一步:先安装用于rvm的openssl:
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    rvm pkg install openssl

第二步:编译安装ruby,指定openssl目录(我的是/usr/local/rvm/usr/)

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rvm install ruby-2.3.3 --with-openssl-dir=/usr/local/rvm/usr/

9.设置Gems默认源为ruby-china

现在没有淘宝源了,只有ruby-china源

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gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.org/ --remove https://rubygems.org/

设置Bundler默认源为ruby-china:

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bundle config mirror.https://rubygems.org https://gems.ruby-china.org

这样修改以后,即使Gemfile中指定了Source,也会用国内的源。

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